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H. W. D. DUNLOP. GAR 0R GARRIAGE.

No. 569,094. Patented 00t. 6,' 1 896.

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H. W. D. DUNLOP. GAB on CARRIAGE.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TO THE DUNLOPS PATENT TRUCK COMPANY,

IRE LAND LIMITED, OF DUBLIN,

CAR OR CARRIAGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 569,094, dated October6, 1896.

Application filed March 9, 1896. Serial No. 582,463. (No model.)Patented in England July 27, 1893, No. 14,449.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY WALLACE DovEToN DUNLOP, civil engineer, asubject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Viewmount, Lucan, inthe county of Dublin, Ireland, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Cars or Carriages, (for which I have obtained a patentin Great Brit ain, No. 14,449, hearing date July 27, 1893,) of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawlngs.

This invention relates to improvements in cars and carriages.

The object of the invention is to provide a means of preventing theshock occasioned by violent stopping or starting of cars, wagons,trucks, or any kind of carriages.

In order that the said invention may be clearly understood, I will nowproceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation of a railway-vehiclefitted with improvements according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a planof the under frame, and Fig. 3 an under side view of the body thereof.Fig. etis a diagrammatic view of a cattle-truck, illustrating a slightmodification hereinafter described.

Like referenceletters indicate corresponding parts throughout thedrawings.

Instead of building cars, trucks, carriages, and other vehicles as onestructure, I separate them into two-the lower portion or under frame Aand the upper portion or body B, and I make the body B to slide oroscillate longitudinally on the under frame A. To enable this to bedone, I mount grooved wheels 0 on the top of the under frame and I placeon the bottom of the body longitudinal rails D, which fit and run in thegrooves of the wheels 0, or, vice versa, the rails may be on the top ofthe under frame and the grooved wheels on the bottom of the body. Theresult of this arrangement is that the body can slide or oscillate onthe under frame. On the bottom of the body I fit jaws E, which fit overthe buffer-rods F, and on each buffer-rod I fix a collar F, and bearingon these collars and encircling the buffer-rods are placed coilspringsG. When the vehicle receives a shock, such shock is not transmitted tothe body, but the latter slides or rolls on and relatively to the underframe, and after it has moved through a short distance the jaws E comein contact with the coil-springs G and compress them, and if the motionimparted by the shock is not then stopped the collars F will then bemoved to cause the bufierrods to act on the buffer-springs, by which,finally, the body B is brought to rest. Retardation of the movement ofthe body B is by these means effected slowly and no disagreeable shockis produced.

In the modification illustrated by Fig. 4E I have shown a cattle-truckin which the under frame is fitted with curved rails that are higher atthe ends than at the middle, and in which the bottom of the body iscurved to suit the curved rails. By this construction gravity isutilized for assisting the return of the body to the central or normalposition after each departure therefrom caused by shock. The bodyis alsocontrolled by springs similar to those described with reference to Figs.1 to 8.

What I claim is- 1. In a vehicle, the combination of a wheeled underframe, a body mounted on said under frame and capable of a certainamount of free longitudinal movement thereon, and springs to limit themovement of the body, said springs only coming into action when the bodyhas moved some distance from its central position, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a vehicle, the combination of a wheeled under frame, curved railsthereon, abody capable of movement on said rails and so ar-' ranged thatgravity tends to restore the body to its normal central positionwhenever it is moved therefrom, and springs to limit the extent ofmovement of the body from the central position, substantially as"described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 23d day ofJanuary, 1896.

HENRY WALLACE DOVETON DUNLOP. Witnesses:

NEWTON B. ASHBY, J-. MACKENZIE, STEPHEN H. ll/IACKENZIE.

